Home NAS

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
Server and workstation hardware prices typically fall off a cliff about four years after they're released. X399 + 1950X + 128GB RAM combos are selling for ~$800 on ebay now. Hopefully we see the same trend for Ampere.

(edit: typed in the wrong old CPU. Derp).
 
Last edited:

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I avoided the NADs without ECC. Surely the Ryzen will advance their embedded ones.
That is a hell of a capable platform for this usecase. No clue if they'll ever be reasonably priced on the ebay market some day.

I also like the idea of these types of boards for NAS or other small compute purposes that use the lower TDP AMD mobile CPUs. If they worked with ECC it would be almost perfect for my needs.

 

sedrosken

Florida Man
Joined
Nov 20, 2013
Messages
1,787
Location
Eglin AFB Area
Website
sedrosken.xyz
Even the Intel N100 is a hell of a platform for low power appliances like NAS, routers, etc. 4 Alder E-cores in a 6W package? They perform roughly the same IPC-wise as Haswell, reportedly. I have one in a little router box I'm running pfSense on now -- the dual-LAN Shuttle mini PC with the Celeron N4000 died mysteriously and I took the opportunity to upgrade, it has 4 i226 2.5GbE interfaces and now I can segregate my network a little without needing a layer 3 switch for trunking VLAN traffic. I wonder what a proper low-power server chip leveraging these cores would look like -- something with, say, 10 or so within a 20W power envelope.
 
Last edited:

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
I bought a Beelink Mini S12 Pro for about $145 last October that has an N100 inside with 16GB RAM and 500GB nvme storage and it has worked well so far. I ditched the windows 11 and installed Proxmox on it and host a couple of VMs, mainly one to run my HomeAssistant for my house. It sips barely any power and has been surprisingly stable.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I'm starting to see 16-port Broadcom 9400-based cards on Ebay for under $200. These are the Tri-mode devices that can handle U.2/U.3/EDSFF disks in addition to SATA and SAS.

I'm terrible at 3D modeling but it seems like I could print a 1U external enclosure out of ABS (~100°C heat resistance) to use since NVMe backplanes aren't exactly a commodity item yet. Just build in wire guides and places to screw drives down.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I thought that the 9500 series was supposed to be used with U.3. The relationships between U.2, U.3 and PCIe speeds are not entirely clear for me.

I'm sure there are plenty of people that will take your basic 3D design and finsh/print it for you. I'm not really a fan of plastic enclosures though.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I'm sure there are plenty of people that will take your basic 3D design and finsh/print it for you. I'm not really a fan of plastic enclosures though.

I thought I saw support for u.3 in the product brief. It's easy enough to check that, but even u.2 opens up the option to get higher density and endurance drives than consumer stuff.

As for 3D printing, I have access to a maker space. A zillion years ago, I knew how to use CAD well enough to work in two dimensions but 3D breaks my brain. It might be fun to try to work it out. I feel like there's a level of utility there.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
No, it is a U.2 HBA. U.3 drives will work on U.2 controllers (at slower PCIe 3.x speeds), but not vice versa. All the pinouts and backenplanes, etc. are what confuses me. It should be possible to connect 4x U.2/U.3 drives or 2x U.2/U.3 drives and up to 8x SATA/SAS if I understand correctly.
9400.png
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I'd take it. Those Broadcom controllers also top out at 12Gbps, which which is clearly less than ideal for a PCIe gen 4 drive anyway.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I suppose the bandwith to each drive depends on the number in use. The total is limited to 8000MB/sec. due to the 8 PCIe 3.x lanes. Two NVMe woudl max it out. The SAS drives are operating up to 12Gbps, but 8 of those would also take all the bandwidth. I don't know if people use both at the same time or what. I hope you get one and do some testing of it.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
Something mildly obnoxious: Adler Lake Celerons are actually pretty respectable CPUs with extremely low wattage and it's pretty easy to find ITX boards with 2.5GbE and a Celeron N100, probably with a couple m.2 and maybe 4 or 6 SATA ports and an 8 lane PCIe slot. Perfect for a NAS build, until you notice that the platform only supports 16GB RAM. As power hogging as contemporary Intel is, AMD doesn't exactly have anything I'd call ultra low voltage.

Lame.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
It's always been like that for Alder Lake-N. That 16GB limitation also sucks for the Windows, but it is supposed to be CHEAP.

Is a Celeron in the 7300 series too highly-powered for your needs? https://ark.intel.com/content/www/u...ame/232598/products-formerly-alder-laken.html
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I was just about to say that as far as I know, nobody is selling the N305 as a barebones motherboard but no, there it is on AliExpress. Looks like getting the upgraded CPU adds about $100 to the system cost AND I'd have to get it from "Tan Lancheng Products Business Department" but that is definitely a step in the right direction. No useful PCIe, but there's enough I/O there that it might be OK.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
Would you trust a NAS with an unsupported RAAM configuration?
 

sedrosken

Florida Man
Joined
Nov 20, 2013
Messages
1,787
Location
Eglin AFB Area
Website
sedrosken.xyz
If it works? Sure. I'm used to being my own support anyway. Now, would I implement this for a client? Hell no. You stick to by the books for liability reasons there.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I was told that NAS should use ECC if possible. I suppose you just test the crap out of it on the MemTest or some such?
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I was told that NAS should use ECC if possible. I suppose you just test the crap out of it on the MemTest or some such?

Ideally, everything should be ECC. If you're on DDR5, it is.

I've also long-since learned that if an OEM says their platform does something out of line with specs, it's generally true under at least some condition. That might require a particular set of HCL DIMMs, but if I'm doing anything important, I'm doing that anyway.

I think a combination of that i3 N305 motherboard + a 6xSAS + 4xU.2 backplane and some aluminum sheet metal and a little 3D printing could be pretty decent. "Perfect" would have a 10Gb or better NIC and not rely on m.2 to u.2 adapters but we all know that's not going to happen on a low cost or low power platform.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
It is not true ECC and you know that. ;)
What are you building that strange little NAS for?
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I'm still weighing my options since I don't particularly want to buy components for Aliexpress. The idea would be a local backup system for a customer who wants that to stay in-house.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I would not buy that kind of product since the software may be terrible and only supported for a limited time. I'm not familiar with the UGREEN 绿联 UGOS. Maybe you can install other OS/apps, but that is not worth the hassle for most people.
 

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
I've seen a few review and the units do look decent enough, especially at their kickstart prices but I'm with Lunar, I'm not sure I want to get locked in to a lesser known NAS builder's ecosystem and OS.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
It is apparently possible to ditch the Ugreen OS, although the 10Gb NIC they use isn't terribly well supported by BSD *nix and you have to take an extra step to replace the boot drive out and void the system warranty before you can do so.

The 8 bay model is half the cost of Synology 8 version. That's a trend I'd like to see continue.

On the other hand, I've also found this


And some larger printed chassis for those who might have 400^3 3D printers (not me; the biggest ones I can use are only 350x320). Down side to those is that they don't have backplanes. You have to run SFF 8087 to 4x SATA and probably do some nutty stuff with Y-adapted SATA power.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
Assuming the post-kickstand price is correct, the 8-bay Ugreen is $1500 with 8GB of RAM and an i5-1235U. It has 2x 10GbE and one PCIe slot.
The Syndology DS1823xs+ is $1800 with 8GB of RAM. It has one 10GbE and one PCIe slot. QNAP doesn't have exactly a matching product, so would be more expensive or less with a weaker CPU. I've been pleased enough with all of my X73As, but they don't have the CPU oomph for encrupted RAID6 (ZFS Z2) at full speed. In general QNAP have two PCIe, which I find useful.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
And some larger printed chassis for those who might have 400^3 3D printers (not me; the biggest ones I can use are only 350x320). Down side to those is that they don't have backplanes. You have to run SFF 8087 to 4x SATA and probably do some nutty stuff with Y-adapted SATA power.
Is that 3D box metallica and grounded? If it is some kind of thermoplastic resin alone, then you will want to create a grounding shield, but it still won't conduct heat well.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
Is that 3D box metallica and grounded? If it is some kind of thermoplastic resin alone, then you will want to create a grounding shield, but it still won't conduct heat well.

There are a number of heat resistant polymers that you can use in consumer 3D printing. ABS (good for 90+ C) is the first one that comes to mind, although not every print head can get hot enough to use it. Your plugged-in PSU will be a path to ground in literally any PC case.

Assuming the post-kickstand price is correct, the 8-bay Ugreen is $1500 with 8GB of RAM and an i5-1235U.

Sure, but it's $975 right now. We both know those things aren't going to ship at MSRP for the overwhelming majority of their time on the market.
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
For some reasons I noticed that nAS is unnaturally slow for file deletions. For example, deleting ~93,000 files of about 3.7GB takes forever in Windows and is faster, but still quite slow on the NAS itself. In Windows it literally takes just seconds to delete from local drives, the longest part being to accept that the files won't fit in the recycler bins. Just why is deletion so slow on a NAS? :(
 
Last edited:

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
45drives is offering an 8 3.5" Bay SAS chassis for $600. It supports an ITX motherboard and FlexATX PSU.


I have a line on another Lenovo SR630v1. Dual 500W platinum PSUs, 4xu.2, 8xSAS, 2x10GbE + 4xGbE and 80(!) 2GHz threads for $400, and I can use the scads of 8 and 16GB DIMMs I already have. It's actually cheaper to buy that whole system than to get a 4x or 6x u.2 5.25" backplane.

Something like that is less a NAS and more a universal homelab, but I can't imagine what would beat that setup for overall flexibility and initial cost. It's clearly overkill for a lot of use cases, but it would be a dream setup for Proxmox + TrueNAS and every weird project you've ever wanted to mess with.
 

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
I watched a review on that new 45 drives 8-bay and it looks interesting. Not sure the chassis is worth the $600 given what else is out there. I've been looking into Sliger NAS chassis for a smaller NAS build and they're a bunch less, but also rack mount vs desktop like the 45 drives. The Sliger cases don't have a SAS backplane either which is a bummer.

That Lenovo does sound nice for the price. Personally I'm looking to find a better balance for reduce power consumption and reduced noise for my homelab stuff.
 

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
This guy's review or overview of that new 45 drives chassis has some more details and you can see some of the inner workings. He's a little dry and quirky but he gets the info across.

 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
I have a pair of ancient Norco 24 bay SAS chassis. They were originally meant to have a PC in them, but at this point they are drives-only enclosures. Each of them currently has one backplane that doesn't work and given how long I've had these things, I expect that more will break down as well. In their favor, those guys have Seasonic 700W Platinum PSUs and a row of 120mm fans inside and they're solidly built. I barely hear whatever the drives inside them are doing. I'll be sad to see them go.

I don't think I need four dozen 3.5" drives for bulk storage any more. I've been thinking that the "big" 45Drives enclosure as an alternative, but I also don't know if I really want to spend $1000 basically just to get native USB3 ports and zero hot-swap bays.
I'm also contemplating the idea of just buying spare SAS/u.2 backplanes and 3D printing trays that will work with them.
 

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
I decided to try a new NAS build so I ordered some parts today. I want this new NAS to consume a bunch less electricity compared to my current old NAS. I chose to use:

Motherboard: Supermicro A2SDi-8C-HLN4F
  • 8-core Intel Atom C3758 (25W TDP)
  • 12 SATA ports, of which there are 2 SFF-8643 miniSAS HD connectors for 8 SATA ports
  • 1 - PCIe 3.0 x4
  • BMC
RAM: 64GB ECC RDIMMs (2 x 32GB Micron)
Boot storage: 1TB WD Blue SN580 NVMe 1TB
Network: Mellanox Connect-X 3 10Gb SFP+
PSU: Seasonic focus px-750 platinum
Case: Sliger 4U CX4712
HDDs: (still deciding but leaning towards 8 x Ultrastar DC HC570 - 22TB and 4 x 4TB SSD)
OS: Likely Ubuntu Server or I may try TrueNAS. Storage/raid via ZFS.
 

Mercutio

Fatwah on Western Digital
Joined
Jan 17, 2002
Messages
22,228
Location
I am omnipresent
That seems pretty sweet to me. If Handruin already has his CPU horsepower elsewhere, there's no reason to give that system any more than that Atom has and it's hard to argue with a 10GbE NIC, ECC RAM and drives at local speed.

Are you just running the system over direct-attach or do you have a 10GbE switch somewhere?
 

LunarMist

I can't believe I'm a Fixture
Joined
Feb 1, 2003
Messages
17,450
Location
USA
I was assuming RAID-Z2. I have older NAS with similar CPUs and there can easily be bottlenecks with 10Gb. If you encrypt it will be even worse.
 

Handruin

Administrator
Joined
Jan 13, 2002
Messages
13,914
Location
USA
That seems pretty sweet to me. If Handruin already has his CPU horsepower elsewhere, there's no reason to give that system any more than that Atom has and it's hard to argue with a 10GbE NIC, ECC RAM and drives at local speed.

Are you just running the system over direct-attach or do you have a 10GbE switch somewhere?
I only plan to use this to manage the storage, my compute is in other systems.

I have a brocade icx7250 that has 8 x 10Gb that I use to connect a few devices and an uplink to my ubiquiti enterprise 8 that I use for my access points.
 
Top